Computer Architecture & Organization Syllabus

Unit 1

Basic Computer Organization: Father of COA, Evolution of Computing devices, Basic structure of a digital computer: Von-Neuman architecture.

Unit 2

Functional units of digital system and their interconnections: Buses, bus architecture, Bus architecture using multiplexer and tri-state buffer, types of buses and bus arbitration.

Unit 3

Register transfer language, bus and memory transfer, Arithmetic Microoperations, Logic Microoperations, Shift Microoperations, Arithmetic Logic Shift Unit.

Unit 4

Levels of programming languages: Machine language, Assembly language, High level language, programme development steps: compiling and assembling programmes.

Unit 5

Computer Design and Instruction set architecture: Instruction codes, General computer registers with common bus system, timing and control, computer instructions: Memory Reference, Register reference, Input-Output Instructions, Instruction cycle, Input-Output configuration and interrupt cycle, Interrupts: interrupt hardware, types of interrupts and exceptions.Internal architecture of 8085 microprocessor: Pin diagram, 8085 instructions set.

Unit 6

Micro Programmed Control Unit: Control memory and address sequencing, instruction formats, addressing modes, program control, RISC, CISC.

Unit 7

Pipelining: Introduction to Flynn‘s classification, arithmetic pipeline, instruction pipeline, pipeline conflict and hazards.

Unit 8

Data Representation: Signed operand multiplication, addition, subtraction, Division and logic operations. Floating point arithmetic operation, Arithmetic & logic unit design. IEEE 754 Standard for Floating Point Numbers.

Unit 9

Memory: Basic concept and hierarchy, semiconductor RAM memories, 2D & 2 1/2D memory organization. ROM memories. Cache memories: concept and design issues & performance, address mapping and replacement Auxiliary memories: magnetic disk, magnetic tape and optical disks Virtual memory: concept implementation.

Unit 10

Input / Output: Peripheral devices, I/O interface- I/O Bus and Interface modules, I/O vs Memory bus, Isolated vs Memory-Mapped I/O, I/O ports, Modes of Data Transfer: Programmed I/O, interrupt initiated I/O and Direct Memory Access., I/O channels and processors. Serial Communication: Synchronous & asynchronous communication, standard communication interfaces.